Dear Gabriel,
The use of chloramphenicol (CAP) in human medicine is done under two
principles:
(i) Normal use is related external use that according to existing
evidence does not produce aplastic anaemia (or if it produces aplastic
anaemia the risk is much below it could be detected by current analysis of
clinical records).
(ii) When CAP is utilized (or could be utilized) as medicine to ingest
should be because the risk taken by the patient (by not using it) is higher
than the risk of taken it. In this sense the CAP is used as "last resort
antibiotic".
I do not think MD would use CAP for ingestion if other antibiotic is/are
available, particularly in developed countries. However, in developing
countries, and particularly in the poorest countries, the situation may be
other because CAP is one of the cheapest antibiotics, and the others may be
simply out of reach of patients and health institutions.
In normal discussions about food safety the comparative analysis of risk is
not very popular (people prefer to see the risks in absolute terms, and they
do not want any risks). However, in medicine (and particularly at the time
of curing) the situation is completely different, and very often (always?)
decisions are taken based on risk comparisons (relative risk) and the
patient is informed (or should be) and the risk never is zero.
In any case the use of CAP in human medicine is (or should be) a risk
management decision taken by the physician with the knowledge and
acceptation of the patient (within the risk management decision is included
the possible economic constraints).
The ingestion of residues of CAP in a food by a consumer that does not know
they are there, is a complete different situation.
Residues of CAP in animals foods is a man-made hazard, and therefore
consumers, justly, do no accept them at any rate.
Kind regards.
Hector M. Lupin
Senior Fishery Industry Officer (Quality Assurance)
Fish Utilization and Marketing Service (FIIU)
Fishery Industries Division (FI)
Fisheries Department, FAO, Room F 606
Viale delle Terme di Caracalla 00100 Rome Italy
Tel + 39 06 570 56459
Fax + 39 06 570 55188
e-mail: hector.lupin@fao.org
-----Original Message-----
From: Gabriel Rivera [mailto:griveralo@yahoo.com]
Sent: 14 June 2002 19:24
To: jerry@anresco.com
Cc: balasm@rediffmail.com; seafood@ucdavis.edu; Lupin, Hector (FIIU)
Subject: Re: chloramphenicol - more
Jerry, you are right, those are least detectable level of chloramphenicol
traces in every country mentioned. I really agree with you about not to use
chloramphenicol, but in my case sometimes find people who is working with
this antibiotic and they know everything about, but still using it. What
can I do? I strongly recommend them not to use it, and if the use it in the
past, explain them how to avoid problems. All depends on them!!!
Let me ask a question: Why we can not use chloramphenicol in animals but in
human is current practice (for eye infectios and salmonellosis)? I know
palmitate, succinate and HCl types of chloramphenicol, but they (many
countries) still use in human treatment.
"E. Jerry Oliveras, Laboratory Director & President" <jerry@anresco.com>
escribió:
You really should be aware that in Europe, Canada and the United States
chloramphenicol cannot be used at all to treat food producing animals
including those of aquaculture such as shrimp. The tolerance limits you
speak of are merely the least detectable amount of the compound the
regulatory labs in those countries feel comfortable taking to court as
confirmed positive findings. I know the US FDA is currently working on a
HPLC-thermospray MS method that will get down to 0.1 ppb so the US limit
will decrease accordingly. The main point is the objection to any use in
any food producing animal regardless of withdrawal time or concentration in
the tissues. I think this kind of misunderstanding is what is fueling the
recent problems with import shrimp etc. in EU and US especially from PRC,
Thailand, etc.
Thanks
Jerry
ANRESCO
-----Original Message-----
From: Gabriel Rivera [mailto:griveralo@yahoo.com]
Sent: Thursday, June 13, 2002 9:48 PM
To: Balamurugan; farmavetID@yahoogroups.com; rivanabad@hotmail.com;
CB4BIOMEDX@aol.com; inforvet@cec.eu.int; Guy.Hocking@coles.com.au
Cc: jerry@anresco.com; daniel@sudamar.com; wocksandip@eth.net;
sanco-webmaster@cec.eu.int
Subject: Re: chlorampnicol....
Hello Mr. Balamurugan, in first place let me excuse for not responding until
now, our company staff were visiting some shrimp producer areas in Ecuador
this week. As I now, chloramphenicol has a withdrawal time of 21 days,
after that time you will find traces of this antibiotic. Is important to
consider what was the applied dose of chloramphenicol during treatment
because depending on that you can deal with these maximum concentration
(tolerance limits) in shrimp after treatment:
For European Union, 0.3 ppb
For USA (FDA), 1.0 ppb
And, for Canada, 2.5 ppb (this limit will be decrease).
Antibiotic will be deposite in muscle, mainly.
Balamurugan <balan@hd2.dot.net.in> escribió:
dear sir,
When the shrimp fed with chlorampnicol mixed feed, how long the
chlorampnicol will available in the shrimp meet. I heard that, if the shrimp
were harvested after 25 days of chlorampnicol mixed feeding, it would not be
detectable. Is it correct?
Where the antibiotic is depositing, in the shrimp body (shell, meet, etc).
Is there any way to remove this from the shrimp?
regards
S.Balamurugan
****************************************************************************
*******
S.Balamurugan, M.Sc,.(Ph.D.).,
E.Mail:balasm@rediffmail.com <mailto:E.Mail:balasm@rediffmail.com>
Phone(O) 958933-892164/79
Phone(R) 0891-739990
***************************************************************************
_____
Do You Yahoo!?
<http://espanol.yahoo.com/mail_tagline/*http://espanol.news.yahoo.com>
Todo lo que quieres saber de Estados Unidos, América Latina y el resto del
Mundo.
Visíta Yahoo!
<http://espanol.yahoo.com/mail_tagline/*http://espanol.news.yahoo.com>
Noticias.
Ac. Gabriel Rivera L.
Director de Investigación y Desarrollo - FARMAVET
Alborada Etapa 11, Mz. 44, Villa 10, Av. Benjamín Carrión y Av. Isidro
Ayora, Guayaquil-Ecuador
Telf. 593-4-2241510/2239575/2239719/2239734/2238798/2279808
Fax 593-4-2243936
Celular 593-9-9989311
_____
Do You Yahoo!?
<http://espanol.yahoo.com/mail_tagline/*http://espanol.news.yahoo.com>
Todo lo que quieres saber de Estados Unidos, América Latina y el resto del
Mundo.
Visíta Yahoo!
<http://espanol.yahoo.com/mail_tagline/*http://espanol.news.yahoo.com>
Noticias.
This archive was generated by hypermail 2b29 : Tue Jun 18 2002 - 02:31:21 PDT